[语法][初中]介词专项 II

by 助学英语

本文主要介绍初中英语语法介词专项知识中的4大要点，其中包括：介词与其他词语构成的词组和习惯搭配、有关带介词的句型、介词短语的句法功能、时间状语前不用介词的几种情况。

◎考点直击

1.常用介词基本用法

2.其他介词及相关介词短语辩异

3.介词与其他词语构成的词组和习惯搭配

4.有关带介词的句型

5.介词短语的句法功能

6.时间状语前不用介词的几种情况

◎ 名师点睛

初中英语语法介词专项要考的所有知识分散在初一、初二、初三各册中，其考查题型有：选择填空，完形填空，综合填空，书面表达等。由于考点多，对于初中生来说，应该加以重视，并认真学习！

◎ 介词专项学习

（三）介词与其他词语构成的词组和习惯搭配

1.介词和名词等的搭配

·at night在夜晚

·at school在学校

·at last最后、终于

·at least至少

·at work在工作

·at once立刻、马上

·at the moment现在

·in hospital住院

·at first首先、起初

·at the same time同时

·by the way顺便问

·by bus乘汽车

·in the end最后

·in a hurry匆忙、急忙

·in surprise吃惊地

·in trouble处于困境

·in fact事实上

·in the sun在阳光下

·with pleasure高兴

·on holiday度假

·on sale上市

·at the beginning of在……开始

·on foot步行

·with one's help在……帮助下

·on time准时

·on the other side of在……另一边

·on show展出

·at the end of在……结尾

·on duty值日

·to one's joy使某人高兴

·on business出差

·on one's way to在去……路上

·by the end of 到……结束时

2.动词和介词的搭配

【其后所接的宾语一般放介词后面】

·agree with同意

·ask for要求、请求

·begin with以……开头

·deal with处理

·depend on依靠、依赖

·die of死于

·fill with装满

·fall off从……落下

·fall behind落后

·hear from接到来信

·hear of听说

·help...with帮助某人做某事

·look for寻找

·knock at/on敲

·change...into... 把……转变成……

·laugh at嘲笑

·look after照顾

·leave for离开去……

·look at(有意识地)看

·look like看起来像……

·prefer...to比……更……

·learn from向……学习

·stop...form... 阻止……做某事

·care for 关心，在意

·pay for付款

·talk with/to和……谈话

·borrow sth. from sb. 从……借入……

·lend sth. to sb. 把……借给……

·give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人

·buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物

相关链接 动词和副词的搭配

【“代词放中间，名词放两边”】

·turn on/off/up/down打开/关掉/开大/关小

·try on/out试穿/实验

·look up（在字典或电话簿里）查找

·put away把……收起来

·pick up 拾起……

·get on/off 上车/下车

·cut down 砍到……

3.“系动词+形容词+介词”的常见搭配

·be good at在……方面好

·be weak in在……方面差

·be good for对……有好处

·be bad for对……有坏处

·be full of=be filled with 充满

·be angry with 生气

·be late for迟到

·be afraid of害怕

·be fond of喜爱

·be interested in对……感兴趣

·be strict with sb.对某人严格

·be different from与……不同

·be proud of以……自豪

·be short of短缺

·be sure of确信

·get ready for做准备

·be pleased with对……高兴

4.有关带介词的其他类词组

·a pair of一双/对

·later on以后

·keep/catch up with赶上

·get on/along well with和……相处融洽

·the day before yesterday前天

·have nothing to do with和……无关

·the day after tomorrow后天

·places of interest名胜

·all kinds of 各种的

·take care of照顾

（四）有关带介词的句型

【实战练习 I 】

用适当的介词填空完成下列各例句。

1.The little boy is saved, but his parents are still ______ danger.

  1. ______ the help of Mr. Wang, I get out of the trouble.

3.Mr.Wang became an English teacher ______ the age of 18.

4.My aunt became a famous doctor ______ her thirties.

5.—Have you heard ______ Tom ?

—No, but I have heard ______ his news.

6.He wants to borrow some money ______ me.

7.His mother cares ______ nothing but money.

8.My father paid more than 10,000 yuan ______ the TV set.

9.My father spent more than 10,000 yuan ______ the TV set.

10.He ran so slowly that he fall ______ others.

11.We have been here for a long time, but nobody wait ______ us.

12.Mom bought a bike ______ me, and I gave it ______ my sister.

13.Mr. Wang provided me ______ a computer.

14.Nobody can stop him ______ leaving China ______ the U.S.A.

15.Mr. Wang is very kind ______ us,and he is also strict ______ us.

16.Edison was very interested ______ science when he was a boy.

17.Lu Xun is famous ______ a writer.

18.Nobody in Mr. Wang's class is weak ______ English.

19.He'd better try his best to keep up ______ others.

20.Maybe, robots will be used ______ servants.

21.What do you think ______ your school life?

22.Paper is made ______ wood and books are made ______ paper.

23.What's the matter ______ your car?

24.It's time ______ you to have lunch.

25.It is impossible ______ me to work out this math problem.

【参考答案】

1.in 2.With 3.at 4.in 5.from of 6.from 7.for 8.for 9.on 10.behind 11.for 12.for to 13.with 14.from for 15.to with 16.in 17.as 18.in 19.with 20.as 21.of 22.from of 23.with 24.for 25.for

（五）介词短语的句法功能

介词与其后的词语构成介词短语，可以充当句子成分。

（六）时间状语前不用介词的几种情况

【实战练习 II 】

选择填空完成下列各例句。

( )1.She usually stays up late and gets up late ______ the morning, but ______

yesterday morning, she got up early.

A.in;in

B.in;/

C.at;/

( )2.Mary doesn’t dance ______ night, but she did it ______ that night.

A./;at

B./;on

C.at;/

【参考答案】

1.B 2.C